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Originally Posted by kwiatek
The upper inscription is the ubiquitous
لا فتا (فتى) الا علي لا سيف الا ذ[و] الفقار
“There is no hero but ‘Ali, no sword but Dhu’l-Fiqar”
The lower, long inscription is Qur’an 48:1-4
In the 5-pointed star is ما شاء الله
“What God wills (ma sha’a allah)”
The inscription on the other side in the cartouche next to the grip is
يا مفتح الابواب افتح لنا خير الباب
“O Opener of Doors, open for us the best of doors.”
The larger silver assay mark looks like the tughra of ‘Abdulaziz (r. 1861-76). I’d have to look at it with a magnifying glass to be completely sure. The smaller one is the sahh assay mark.
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Thank you very much Kwiatek! I greatly appreciate the translation assistance. It adds tremendously to the beauty of the sword and gives insight into the original owner and the religious texts that were important to them.