[Jim McDougall]

As well noted by Marius, the 'duels' shown in 'The Duelists' have NOTHING to do with sport fencing, though obviously training in the use of the sword was achieved through fencing. While technically there are no 'rules' in the duel, these were affairs of honor, and anything untoward would quickly ruin a mans reputation. The notorious term 'coup de Jarnac' refers to a famed duel of late 16th c. where a 'cheap shot' (in modern lingo) was fatally used, and this term has become colloquially known in the history of the sword.

The 'realism' in the fight scenes in the movie refers to the absolutely non 'regulation' manner in which the fights ensued, while not according to some set rules, there was a certain 'convention' and 'conditioning. These are matters of experience, and the distractions and feints used by Keitel illustrate his profound mastery in use of the sword in duels. He is clearly the aggressor and uses these skills to intimidate his opponent.

It is true that in most duels these were affairs which had a degree of intent to 'draw blood', they were typically not 'to the death'. In the famed "Dueling Oaks' in New Orleans, one man fought seven duels there in a week, and none were fatal. The duel, even into modern times, known as the 'mensur' is fought with special mask and glove, and intended to have blood, so in effect outlawed (but still practiced, much as the use of schlagers in Germany).

Regarding the M1796 swords, there was a cavalry officers version with hilt like small sword and heavy straight blade, but these were dress swords. Apparently some officers took them to the Peninsula and considered them worthless in combat.

On the left is the infantry officers M1796, which seldom if ever saw use as officers used them more to direct and were not expected to participate in actual combat (obviously with exception).
The other is the cavalry version, as noted.
I think the comment on thrust vs. cut with the 1796 'sword' referred to the forms used in 'the charge' or use en masse.